Photoprotection in plants. Zeaxanthin has multiple photoprotective functions.

Photoprotection in plants arboricola plants abruptly exposed to high light did not quickly resume efficient photochemical utilization of absorbed light for photosynthesis upon the return to low light. 4% (Figure 2 C). ) Jul 25, 2017 · To date, there is no oral substance that provides adequate photoprotection when used isolated, not associated with topical sunscreens (Skotarczak et al. PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis) under dark-light fluctuations, identifying RppA as a key transcription factor in this process. 10. Recently, it has been shown that efficient energy dissipation can be induced in the major light-harvesting complexes of photosystem I … Oct 24, 1990 · rate constant for radiationless energy dissipation in the chlorophyll pigment bed Photoprotection occurs via several different mechanisms, often acting in concert with one another: Avoidance, Photorespiration, Dissipation, and Anti-oxidation. Funding. In the present study, we measured PSI, PSII, and electrochromic shift Dec 5, 2017 · (b) Percentage contribution of pNPQ versus D1 repair to photoprotection in chloroplasts, infiltrated leaves, and whole plants as calculated in (a) using data from Figures 2, 3, and 5. discuss how photorespiration-impaired mutants cope somewhat better with fluctuating light (FL) environments because of downregulated photosynthesis and To cope with a rapidly fluctuating light environment, vascular plants and algae have evolved a photoprotective mechanism that serves to downregulate the transfer of excitation energy in the light-harvesting complexes to the photosynthetic reaction centers. For all experiments, leaf colouration should be recorded with a spectrometer to enable high repeatability Jan 1, 2011 · This review revises primary mechanisms underlying plant oxidative stress at the cellular level. T1 - Photoprotection in Photosynthesis. Y1 - 2021/5/25. , Bassi R. 8, H). Results and discussion Jan 1, 2010 · Interestingly, several regulatory processes in plants, such as phototropism, chloroplast movement and leaf expansion, are controlled by light from the blue spectral region and the response is mediated by phototropins, the plant blue-light receptors (Cho et al. Plants have developed three main lines of defense to respond to excess light. 025 and 0. Aug 5, 2011 · Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the fundamental process by which plants exposed to high light intensities dissipate the potentially harmful excess energy as heat. Dec 1, 2014 · Thus, the replacement of FDPs with other photoprotection mechanisms in higher plants might have provided more efficiently functioning photosynthetic machinery under an oxygenic atmosphere. The main ingredients studied are the carotenoids , some vitamins, and plant extracts . Apr 5, 2022 · However, it is still unknown whether there are differences in photoprotective mechanisms among different light-demanding plants in response to dynamic light, and thus the role of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), electron transport, and light energy allocation of photosystems in photoprotection needs to be further understood in different light The most extreme forms of photoprotection are not found in flowering plants but in strains of the green alga Chlorella and diatoms. The excess energy can lead to severe damage of the photosynthetic apparatus and to avoid this, part of the energy is thermally dissipated via a mechanism called … Sep 22, 2020 · Light is a paramount parameter driving photosynthesis. [Google Scholar] 76. Photoprotection is the biochemical process that helps organisms cope with molecular damage caused by sunlight. et al. For example, Chlorella ohadii can grow in extreme high light, double the maximum solar intensity, with growth rates that surpass that of any other phototroph and with minimal photodamage [ 58 , 59 ]. Here, we show that low-red/far-red ( L - R / FR ) ra … Unlike high light-grown plants of the same species (and unlike understory plants growing in rapidly fluctuating light environments), low light-grown S. (A picosecond is a trillionth of a second. When in excess, light can be dangerous for the photosynthetic apparatus because it can cause photo-oxidative damage and decreases the efficiency of photosynthesis because of photoinhibition. The CEF of RNAi plants remained extremely low, and the CEF of OE plants was obviously higher than that of WT plants (Fig. 143-163; Alexei Solovchenko; In this concluding chapter, the relationships between accumulation of screening pigments in microalgae and plants and the corresponding Mar 21, 2018 · The most extreme forms of photoprotection are not found in flowering plants but in strains of the green alga Chlorella and diatoms. It has a naturally Sep 3, 2015 · The structure of PsbS opens new possibilities for understanding the mechanism of photoprotection in plants. bassi@univr. Dall’Osto L. Oct 1, 2022 · Light is considered to be one of the most important climatic and environmental parameters influencing development and plant growth. , Alric J. , Lico C. Additionally, plants from VPZ lines showed increases in leaf area and plant height , relative to WT. Plants have evolved morpho-physiological and biochemical adaptations to shield themselves from harmful radiations. Reversible photoinhibition is indicative of a protective mechanism aimed at dissipating excess light energy, while irreversible photoinhibition indicates damage to Mar 22, 2018 · Here we used plants overexpressing the gene encoding a central regulator of NPQ, the protein PsbS, within a major crop species (rice) to assess the effect of photoprotection at the whole canopy scale. Direct photodamage is alleviated by leaf and chloroplast movement, screening of photoradiation (primarily UV), and the generation of a Sunlight damages photosynthetic machinery, primarily photosystem II (PSII), and causes photoinhibition that can limit plant photosynthetic activity, growth and productivity. e. While LH processes Trends Plant Sci. , 2004). Light damages PSII primarily through excitation of the manganese cluster in OEC. Recently, it has been shown that efficient energy dissipation can be induced in the major light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHCII) in the absence of protein-protein interactions. This range of responses provided the authors with a rich dataset to refine their model. N2 - Oxygenic photosynthesis is the process in plants, algae and cyanobacteria that transforms sunlight into stable chemical energy. [Alexei Solovchenko] -- Optical screening of excessive and potentially harmful solar radiation is an important photoprotective mechanism, though it has received much less attention in comparison with other systems Oct 28, 2024 · The F83YF84YF87Y plants showed a slight reduction in total NPQ amplitude relative to the WT by 27. … due to its textbook-like character, comprehensible style of writing and well designed figures and cartoons, the book can also provide detailed insight into the role of plant screening pigments to advanced students in plant biology Oct 1, 2024 · Plants employ various photoprotection mechanisms, such as photorespiration [33], cyclic and alternative electron flows [34], antioxidant systems [9, 20] and nonradiative charge recombination within the PSII reaction center [26, 35]. We survey the striking plasticity of this process observed in nature with respect to (1 Get this from a library! Photoprotection in plants : optical screening-based mechanisms. Carotenoids and photoprotection in plants: a role Jan 1, 2010 · Photoprotection in Plants; pp. Photoprotection is defined as the prevention against damaging effects of intense solar radiation. This review focuses on the ubiquity of photoprotection associated with a group of interconvertible leaf carotenoids, the xanthophyll cycle. }, author={Shunichi Takahashi and Murray R. This process dissipates excess excitation e … Oct 17, 2024 · In this issue of Plant Physiology, Yu et al. oleracea seeds were grown hydroponically under four Mg treatments (1 (control), 0. These mechanisms include quenching of singlet and triplet excited states of chlorophyll, synthesis of antioxidant molecules and enzymes and repair processes for damaged photosystem II and photosystem I reaction Jun 26, 2024 · Absorption spectra and physiological analyses of WT and fah1 seedlings and rosette-stage plants show that sinapate esters provide UV-screening properties in plant extracts, make a major contribution to direct photoprotection of the photosynthetic machinery upon UV stress treatment, and play a major role for plant survival under UV in lab Sep 5, 2010 · From the reviews: “The book is well written and clearly structured in seven chapters. (2024) explored the transcriptional regulation of chlG in Synechocystis sp. Of particular relevance is the operation of xanthophyll cycles (XC) leading Effects of transient light on PSII maximum efficiency (F v ′/F m ′) in different light-demanding plants. Crystal structures show that PsbS is not a canonical pigment-binding protein and provide insights into its Apr 17, 2013 · 1. A precise balance between the use of Molecular mechanisms involved in plant photoprotection Alberta Pinnola and Roberto Bassi Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy Correspondence: Roberto Bassi (roberto. Plants have evolved many photoprotective mechanisms in order to face reactive oxygen species production and thus Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the fundamental process by which plants exposed to high light intensities dissipate the potentially harmful excess energy as heat. Lutein is needed for efficient chlorophyll triplet quenching in the major LHCII antenna complex of higher plants and effective photoprotection in vivo under strong light. Similar productivity increases were found under greenhouse Jan 21, 2022 · Carotenoids are isoprenoid metabolites synthesized de novo in all photosynthetic organisms. 2009. This study reports the identification of critical amino acid residues that are essential for PsbS function, such as glutamates E67 and E173, phenylalanines in transmembrane helix IV, and the H3 motif comprising I74, Y75, and E76. PHOTOPROTECTION MECHANISMS IN PLANTS Plants possess a variety of mechanisms to maintain the photosynthetic system operational in high-light environment. . It indicated that the SlPGR5/SlPGRL1 Apr 1, 2022 · The crucial importance of NPQ for plant fitness has been demonstrated, although inefficiencies in photoprotection limit biomass yields by up to 30% under natural conditions [3], [4]. T2 - From plant to protein. Light is of course essential for photosynthesis and supports most life on earth. It covers the synthesis of high-energy compounds, real-time harvesting of light energy, and the potential for destruction when this energy is not properly utilized. The book summarises the current knowledge on photoprotection of plants via optical screening of solar radiation in the UV and visible parts of the spectrum by extrathylakoid pigments; Special attention is paid to the effects of screening pigment accumulation on plant optical properties The tolerance of plants to environmental stress and the way these photoprotection mechanisms are activated varies from species to species, but a general hierarchy of responses generally occurs in plants, some of them modulated by phytohormones. They are also critically important for humans as precursors of vitamin A synthesis and as dietary antioxidants. The vital roles of carotenoids to plants Jan 13, 2021 · UV-dependent photoprotection was activated significantly faster than photoprotection activated by light with other qualities. Jul 7, 2005 · A green plant can photosynthesize in shade pretty effectively, by collecting as much light as possible via an antenna made up of chlorophyll attached to a matrix of specialized proteins. 2015). DOI: 10. Zeaxanthin has multiple photoprotective functions. 8, I). Xanthophylls are key pigments involved in the photoprotective response of plants and algae to excessive light. Recent data have clarified the ‘origins’ of oxidative stress in plants, and show that apart from classical chloroplast, mitochondrial and peroxisome sources, ROS are synthesized by NADPH oxidases and peroxidases. A, Examples of phytohormone responses to high-light stress at whole-plant level. TY - THES. 008. (c) The contribution of D1 repair and pNPQ under constant illumination conditions can be calculated as the percentage difference between the time taken for q Pd The HLIPs are assumed to be phylogenetic precursors of the LHC superfamily (including plant early light-inducible proteins, ELIPs, and the four-helix PsbS protein, which appears to be critically involved in photoprotection/NPQ, see below). qE is initiated by activation of Jan 13, 2021 · mpact of phytohormones regulating photosynthesis and photoprotection under excess light conditions. The importance of photoprotection mechanisms such as leaf and plant angles, light May 14, 2024 · Two recent studies reinvestigated the phenomenon of photorespiration as a photoprotective mechanism. The photoprotective role of lutein is due to the deactivation of triplet chlorophyll. Zeaxanthin acts as a key component in the plant`s memory for photo-oxidative stress. PY - 2021/5/25. 015 mM) and the impact of Mg deficiency on CO 2 assimilation, photosynthetic light reactions and photoprotection was determined. @article{Takahashi2011PhotoprotectionIP, title={Photoprotection in plants: a new light on photosystem II damage. The first steps of photosynthesis, the capture and conversion of sunlight into chemical energy, happen in large assemblies of proteins containing many pigment molecules called photosystems. , 2019). Molecular components of chloroplast photoprotection are closely aligned with those of photosynthesis and together they influence productivity. in situations where the efficiency of enzymatic ROS elimination, DNA repair and other ‘classical’ photoprotective systems could be impaired. 1016/0005-2728(90)90088-L Corpus ID: 86660257; Carotenoids and photoprotection in plants : a role for the xanthophyll zeaxanthin @article{DemmigAdams1990CarotenoidsAP, title={Carotenoids and photoprotection in plants : a role for the xanthophyll zeaxanthin}, author={Barbara Demmig-Adams}, journal={Biochimica et Biophysica Acta}, year={1990}, volume={1020}, pages={1-24}, url={https Jan 1, 2025 · The ETR(II) of WT and RNAi plants exhibited no difference, but the ETR(II) in both plant groups was obviously lower than that of SlPGR5-OE and SlPGRL1-OE plants (Fig. Dec 1, 2021 · S. In response to 150 mM NaCl, the rice seedlings exhibited dehydration, reduced relative water content, and increased levels of conductivity, malondialdehyde Dec 9, 2021 · Light-harvesting complexes of plants exert a dual function of light-harvesting (LH) and photoprotection through processes collectively called nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). The recent use of genetic and molecular biological approaches is providing new insights into photoprotection, especially with respect to thermal dissipation of excess absorbed light energy, alternative electron transport pathways Photoprotection theory expects a strong influence, especially by shading and temperature, whereas, according to Archetti [2], the putative signalling system between plants and insects collapses if the environmental effects are too strong. Photosynthesis in plants and algae is a biological process that converts light energy into chemical energy, which is used in the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle to assimilate CO 2 and produce organic Dec 3, 2011 · Photoinhibition is the inhibition of photosynthesis by excessive light resulting in the reduction of plant growth. Plants have evolved … Aug 18, 2010 · It is also demonstrated that understanding these effects and their relationships to screening pigments’ makeup and spectroscopy in plants provides valuable insights into the state of plants’ long-term photoacclimation, as well as ample opportunities for the non-destructive quantification of screening pigments and the assessment of the Sep 12, 2016 · Plants, algae and cyanobacteria need to regulate photosynthetic light harvesting in response to the constantly changing light environment. Photoprotection is essential for photosynthesis to proceed in oxygenic environments either by scavenging harmful reactive intermediates or preventing their accumulation to avoid photoinhibition. However, at higher photon irradiances once the light-saturation point (that is, the maximum rate of photosynthesis) has been reached, further increases in light will exceed the energy-utilising capacity of that photosynthesising leaf. The first line of defense, avoidance, includes avoiding exposure to light through leaf and chloroplast movement and shielding excess radiation via the production of secondary metabolites. Nov 18, 2016 · Plants from VPZ lines exhibited greater total dry weight per plant by 14 to 20% relative to that of WT , which was evident in increases in leaf, stem, and root weights (fig. , 2012, Sage et al. The photodamaged PSII is repaired through the de novo synthesis of PSII proteins. 3% (Figure 2 C), whereas the F191YF193YF194Y plants showed a marked reduction in NPQ amplitude by 53. The Panax notoginseng (indicated in blue) and Polygonatum kingianum (indicated in green) and Erigeron breviscapus (indicated in red) were induced for 30 min in simulated dynamic light of 50 μmol m −2 s −1 (A), 100 μmol m −2 s −1 (B), 400 μmol m −2 s −1 (C), 800 μmol m − Apr 4, 2022 · The optical properties of leaf structural elements and their contribution to photosynthetic performance and photoprotection. Feb 13, 2024 · Further, the effective quantum yield of PSII (φPSII), the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), and the electron transport rate (ETR, μmol e-1 s-1 m-2) were measured using an IMAGING PAM M-series from Walz, with a 30-minute dark acclimation preceding the measurements to assess the PSII quantum efficiency of the plants (n = 6). Badger}, journal={Trends in plant science}, year={2011}, volume={16 1}, pages={ 53-60 }, url={https://api Keywords: energy-dependent quenching, light perception, photoprotection, photoprotective genes, non-photochemical quenching. These findings with ch1 plants imply that, although Zea has a high photoprotective effect, its performance is strongly enhanced through binding to the Lhc proteins. Dec 25, 2020 · Our summary illustrates the universal use by plants of xanthophyll cycle-based photoprotection and the striking variety found in nature with respect to (i) xanthophyll cycle pool size, (ii) degree and speed of interconversion of its components, and (iii) flexibility in the association between xanthophyll cycle conversion state and dissipation Oct 29, 2024 · Plants must swiftly switch between light-harvesting and photoprotective states for optimal photosynthesis, with the PsbS protein playing a key role. 1. Transferring this activity to different species requires modifications to the thylakoid structure to Jun 20, 2016 · WT plants and single knock-outs show that an array of xanthophylls better serves plants in photoprotection, being consistent with previous studies on sensitivity to photoxidative stress in vivo (Dall’Osto et al. in situations where the efficiency of enzymatic ROS elimination, DNA repair and other 'classical' photoprotective systems could be impaired. , 2021; Lokstein et al. However, slow NPQ relaxation under low light conditions can decrease yield of field-g DOI: 10. Apr 17, 2018 · Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into biomass and oxygen. sun or shade conditions). Li et al. 7 above), photosynthesis is regarded as light limited in the initial linear region of the curve. In an initial effort to increase yields, the proteins involved in NPQ were upregulated, which led to a faster turn off of NPQ. B. Plants 10, 1455 (2021). Nov 30, 2023 · This article explores the process of photoprotection in plants, discussing how they balance photosynthesis to avoid damage from excess light energy. Zeaxanthin plays a central role in NPQ and as antioxidant in the lipid phase. doi: 10. , 2021), the trade-off regulation between plant development and adaptation has not been fully understood. tplants. Jan 1, 2011 · A model of photoprotection mechanisms in plants. Nov 17, 2010 · Much of our current knowledge about photoprotection comes from studies of mutants and transformants of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and other plants in which the level of expression of key genes has been altered with subsequent changes to protein level, resulting in changes to the capacity and the kinetics of some photoprotective Dec 4, 2018 · The challenge has been to figure out exactly how the photoprotection system in plants works at the molecular level, in the first 250 picoseconds of the photosynthesis process. The ability of a plant to respond to light-mediated environmental stress by producing zeaxanthin may therefore affect, at least in part, the ability of that plant to inhabit or colonise certain habitats (e. , 2018; Wada et al. , 2020). Apr 2, 2018 · Non-photochemical quenching, vitally important for photoprotection of plants and potentially opening new opportunities for raising the global crop production by tuning NPQ efficiency, still Apr 23, 2021 · Photosynthesis is not only essential for plants, but it also sustains life on Earth. 05, 0. May 15, 2022 · Generally, regulation of cyclic electron flow (CEF) and chloroplast ATP synthase play key roles in photoprotection for photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) in C3 and C4 plants, especially when CO2 assimilation is restricted. S9, A to C). it) Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into biomass and oxygen. g. Von Bismarck et al. NPQ hardly developed in the E69QE173Q plants (Figure 2 C), consistent with a previous report (Li et al. 1016/j. activity, growth and productivity. Plants need sunlight if they are to grow, but must also protect themselves from severe damage, such as bleaching, when the light Aug 10, 2015 · The photosystem II protein PsbS has an essential role in qE-type nonphotochemical quenching, which protects plants from photodamage under excess light conditions. The extent of photoinhibition is associated with a balance between the rate of photodamage and its repair. Light energy can be physically Sep 25, 2020 · Most life on Earth depends on photosynthesis, the process used by plants and many other organisms to store energy from sunlight and produce oxygen. Spectroscopic measurements on these Nov 30, 2021 · Interestingly, weakening of chloroplast sinks in higher plants through down-regulation of CO 2 fixation has been shown to induce photoprotection mechanisms that minimise PSI photoinhibition (Kohzuma et al. Carotenoids are essential for plants with diverse functions in photosynthesis, photoprotection, pigmentation, phytohormone synthesis, and signaling. Jan 9, 2017 · In addition, there are no prior studies on PSII photoprotection by the AOX pathway in C4 plants. … This book is primarily directed at professionals and experts. T. (2009) stated that both the quality and quantity of light are essential factors for plants to undergo morphogenesis and growth and to sustain the overall physiological processes of life (Landi et al. One of the most important differences between C3 and C4 leaves is that photorespiration is seriously suppressed in C4 leaves (Sage et al. supersaturating) light levels, assessing the photoprotective role of any pigment requires the very same light condition, even in field studies. May 1, 2023 · Light is essential for plants, but excessive light is damaging to plant health. Plants have therefore developed mechanisms that can quickly and effectively repair photodamaged PSII [1]; as a result, net photoinhibi-tion only occurs when the rate of damage exceeds that of the repair. , 2012, 2013). In plants, they are present as carotenes and their oxygenated derivatives, xanthophylls. Furthermore, C3 plants have a higher maximum quantum yield of CO 2 than C4 plants below 30°C (Ehleringer and Pearcy, 1983), which may permit C3 plants to maintain higher rates of CO 2 fixation at low temperatures (Ehleringer, 1978). Further analysis revealed that UV-dependent photoprotection is indispensable for HL tolerance in strains lacking LHCSR3, the photoprotective factor activated predominantly via blue-light perception. Figure 2 A model of photoprotection mechanisms in plants. Jan 6, 2020 · In conclusion, the effects of altered photoprotection on plant performance, including yield, need to be reproduced in other (model) species before manipulation of the mechanism can be considered However, Zea-dependent photoprotection is lower in ch1 plants; clearly, the effect of the npq1 mutation in increasing 1 O 2 release was significant only in non-ch1 genotypes . photoprotection in plants Maren Mu¨ller 1 and Sergi Munne´-Bosch 1, * ,† 1 Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona Nov 1, 2010 · As we review here, PSII photodamage and the inhibition of repair are therefore alleviated by photoprotection mechanisms associated with avoiding light absorption by the manganese cluster and successfully consuming or dissipating the light energy absorbed by photosynthetic pigments, respectively. , Havaux M. , 2001). Phytohormones play crucial roles in developmental processes, from organ initiation to senescence, due to their role as growth and developmental regulators, as well as their central role in the regulation of photosyn … This photoprotection in the form of screening appears to be especially important for juvenile and senescing plants as well as under environmental stresses--i. Jan 1, 2012 · We review the role of the xanthophylls in photoprotection of photosystem II. , 2014). The photodamaged PSII is repaired through the de novo synthesis of Aug 10, 2015 · PsbS is a transmembrane photosystem II protein essential for photoprotection in plants. Dec 7, 2012 · Plants are particularly prone to photo-oxidative damage caused by excess light. Introduction. suggest alleviated negative feedback regulation of chloroplast ATP synthase as an alternative hypothesis. , 2007; Christie and Briggs, 2001; Swartz et al. Nov 5, 2019 · Photoprotection refers to a set of well defined plant processes that help to prevent the deleterious effects of high and excess light on plant cells, especially within the chloroplast. Jan 4, 2024 · Plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) is efficient in photoprotection in stress-tolerant plants. Plants and other oxygenic phototrophs have developed a suite of photoprotective mechanisms to prevent photoinhibition and oxidative stress caused by excess or fluctuating light conditions. Direct photodamage is alleviated by leaf and chloroplast movement, screening of photoradiation (primarily UV), and the Nov 1, 2010 · A model of photoprotection mechanisms in plants. For example, Chlorella ohadii can grow in extreme high light, double the maximum solar intensity, with growth rates that surpass that of any other phototroph and with minimal photodamage [58,59]. , Giuliano G. 01. However, light intensity and spectral quality are highly variable in space and time according to time of day, season, geography, climate, and the position of leaf within canopy and cell within leaf. 2009;14:219–228. However, excessive irradiance leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species that cause cell damage and hamper the growth of photosynthetic organisms. Smith et al. AU - Nicol, Lauren Elizabeth. These findings Dec 10, 2020 · Conversion of sunlight into photochemistry depends on photoprotective processes that allow safe use of sunlight over a broad range of environmental conditions. Jun 18, 2016 · Thus, Agati et al. Download PDF. Carotenoids play a key ro … Mar 27, 2018 · Plants have evolved many photoprotective mechanisms in order to face reactive oxygen species production and thus avoid photoinhibition. To avoid net photoinhibition, plants have de-veloped diverse photoprotection mechanisms such as light May 22, 2023 · Photoprotection against excess light via nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is indispensable for plant survival. 2010. Jan 13, 2021 · The tolerance of plants to environmental stress and the way these photoprotection mechanisms are activated varies from species to species, but a general hierarchy of responses generally occurs in plants, some of them modulated by phytohormones. In the light-response curves for photosynthesis (Figure 12. Nov 17, 2010 · Extract. We examined the regulatory mechanisms of porphyrin biosynthesis, photoprotection, and antioxidant properties in salt-stressed rice seedlings. Photoprotection in plants: a new light on photosystem II damage Shunichi Takahashi and Murray R. , 2009; Joliot and Alric, 2013; Li Y. Badger Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Sunlight damages photosynthetic machinery, primarily photosystem II (PSII), and causes photoinhibition that can limit plant May 13, 2024 · Photoprotection mechanisms in plants. 001 Corpus ID: 11334672; Photoprotection in plants: a new light on photosystem II damage. In full Sep 25, 2020 · Carotenoids are essential in oxygenic photosynthesis: they stabilize the pigment-protein complexes, are active in harvesting sunlight and in photoprotection. This research was financially supported by the Academy of Finland projects 271832 and 273870 to E-MA, 260094 to MT and the Kone foundation to YA Jul 26, 2023 · Salt stress disrupts cellular ion homeostasis and adversely impacts plant growth and productivity. Recent studies have … This review summarizes several photoprotective mechanisms operating within chloroplasts of plants and green algae. Nov 22, 2007 · We suggest that this is the principal mechanism of photoprotection. Since photoprotection is optimally estimated, by definition, when plants are exposed to photoinhibitory (i. PsbS, a 22-kDa integral membrane protein located in the Jun 1, 2024 · Although in recent years, considerable progress has been made toward plant photosynthesis and stress-responsive mechanisms underlying plant growth and survival under fluctuating environments (Zhu, 2016; Cruz and Avenson, 2021; Kohzuma et al. However, how CAM plants protect PSI and PSII when CO2 assimilation is restricted is largely known. However, the most important functions of flavonoids arise when the plants face UV-B stress. While mutant plants lacking xanthophylls are capable … When exposed to excess light, npq1 plants treated with lincomycin were most sensitive to light stress, followed by wild-type plants treated with lincomycin, npq1 plants treated with water, and then wild-type plants treated with water. Photoreceptor-mediated light signaling plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and stress responses but its contribution to the spatial regulation of photoinhibition and photoprotection within the canopy remains unclear. This photoprotection in the form of screening appears to be especially important for juvenile and senescing plants as well as under environmental stresses—i. In bright sunlight, the amount of energy harvested by plants exceeds the electron transport capacity of Photosystem II in the chloroplasts. Exposure to additional stress factors during exposure to light increases the potential for photoinhibitory effects. concluded that UV-B photoprotection is just one of the essential functions of flavonoids which have several other myriad roles in plant growth regulation. uocygeu zvqsva qjt pvbbr pacyrs zofscx ikmkp rotfus ctneafn hdem